Promotional Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Promotional Analysis - Research Paper Example The area of the business is strategically located in order for its esteemed customers to access quickly. Because the store also has a high volume of individuals, it is situated in the center of the city and a very spacious locality. Due to greater demand for perfume across the world, the idea of note fragrance came into being. Moreover, the availability of materials as well as skilled labor required producing the product enhanced product generation, also there the high demand for quality and affordable fragrance perfumes boosted the business idea in its existence. Like any other business, the owners of note fragrance had an intention of making profit and employment generation to individuals around the world. In addition, strategic location of the company as well-advanced marketing strategies that are E-marketing among other online services boosted the Idea of generating the Note fragrance store. The business also requires little capital start as cheap and readily labor contributes in one way to another for the development of the fragrance shop. The idea of creating my perfumes emerges because passions and interest in perfumes. Apart from enjoying the beautiful scent of the perfume, I join the business for the sake of make profit and try to make ends meet. Due to readily available market for the product and sufficient infrastructure also boosts the need for one to invest heavily in the business. The product also does not only concentrate on particular individuals, but it cuts across to; young and old, men as well as women. Due to high demand and readily available market for the product, it will call for massive production that will increase the volumes of supplies hence meeting the customers demand at any given time across the world. Fragrance oil international limited is one of the major competitors, producing the same product as Note fragrance. In addition, luxury store also sells

TV Personalities Essay Example for Free

TV Personalities Essay For this project, I chose the television show House. In this particular episode, Dr. House and his team of doctors face the problem of diagnosing a man who came into the ER at the hospital after fainting. There are no clear symptoms that point to a single medical diagnosis. The second part of this episode deals with House and his best friend Wilson. Wilson is in a relationship with another doctor that House doesn’t particularly like and House is determined to get his fair share of time with his friend, away from his girlfriend. I have obviously chosen Dr. House has my subject for this paper. House is a very brilliant and gifted doctor. He is also very obnoxious, overbearing, rude, egotistical, sarcastic, arrogant, and cantankerous. House will gather his team to brainstorm about what the symptoms that patient is showing to see if they can come up with a solution and House will override everything they say. He will ask for a vote on the way to proceed and then disregard the vote for whatever he wants. Looking at Freud, it would appear that House’s id is still very strong and was not tempered very much by the Ego and Superego. House is still very demanding, irrational, illogical and impulsive in the way he lives his life. By studying Freud, it would also seem that in the stage of the Superego that House failed to fully develop the ego ideal and the conscience. The Behaviorist’s view would show that the way House is today is a result of environmental stimulus that was reinforced or strengthened in some way while he was growing up. It would suggest that his parents might have praised him when he acted out and was disrespectful instead of properly chastising or punishing him. The social cognitive view of personality suggests that House has a high self-efficacy. He is very sure of his talent as a doctor and therefore excels at his job. This view of personality also will show that House is very comfortable in his environment. Because of his comfort level, his behavior of being rude, sarcastic, and so on, will continue because he receives the type of reaction from others that it seems like he expects. This theory suggests that if the environment changes, his behavior should adapt to the change. In this episode, the only time his behavior changed in any way was when he was out with his friend Wilson. Although he was still sarcastic, overbearing and obnoxious, it was not as bad as when he was in the hospital. House’s real self and his ideal self are pretty well matched when looking at the humanistic perspective. House is very confident and sure of himself in what he is and who he wants to be. According to Rogers, House would be a fully functioning person. When House was growing up he must have received unconditional positive regard from his parents. The last personality theory that will be touched upon will be the trait theories. The one trait theory will be scrutinized is the Big Five. House is definitely an extrovert. He obviously likes being the center of attention. This was shown by the way he directed the attention to be on himself whenever he gathered his team of doctors together. House would also score very low on the trait of Agreeableness. House was very rude, irritable, and aggressive. A very high score would be given to House on Openness. House shows that he would have to be very curious and imaginative when looking for the causes for symptoms that patients emit and finding a diagnosis and cure for those symptoms. House was also very nonconforming. House definitely did not conform to the expectations of the way a doctor should conduct himself, whether with other colleagues or with patients themselves. House would also score high on Conscientiousness. He might not be the easiest person to be around, but he is very reliable. He would also have to be an ambitious person to become the brilliant doctor that he is. Neuroticism is hard to decide. Although House shows that he can be very temperamental, which is a characteristic for the higher score, it did not seem that he exhibited the traits of worrying, insecurity, and anxiousness. On the flip side, the low scoring characteristics for Neuoticism are calm, secure, relaxed and stable. House could probably be described as stable, but the other characteristics don’t really match him either.

Rural HIV/AIDS in Southeast Ohio :: Case Management

Rural HIV/AIDS in Southeast Ohio History Of all the known cases of HIV / AIDS in the United States "†¦5.5 percent were reported from nonmetropolitan statistical areas (non-MSAs). The Office of Management and Budget defines a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) as a county or group of counties that includes a city of 50,000 residents or an urbanized area with at least 50,000. Nonmetropolitan counties are all remaining counties (Gwinn & Wortley, 1996). "†¦6 percent of the female AIDS cases reported to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) during 1994 were residing in non-MSAs at the time of AIDS diagnosis (CDC, 1996). This is the case in Southeast Ohio where the nearest metropolitan area is Columbus an hour and a half away from Athens. Rural HIV/AIDS patients tend to be diagnosed in later stages of the disease because their physicians do not consider them to be at risk for HIV (Calonge, Petersen, Miller, & Marshall, 1993; Miller, et al., 1995). Many of the clients that apply for services at the Athens AIDS Task Force do so only after a referral from a medical professional after they have been hospitalized with a serious illness. Most already have Center for Disease Control (CDC) diagnosis for AIDS (T-Cell count below 200, normal count is 800 – 1500). Even as the spread of AIDS into small towns escalates, HIV-infected patients who live outside urban areas continue to confront significant obstacles to effective care. Nearly all doctors who specialize in the treatment of HIV are located in cities. Quality of life for HIV-infected rural residents is potentially worse, often for reasons that involve a lack of person-to-person contact both at the medical level and at the personal support level. Researchers have noted that rural HIV/AIDS patients often travel two or more hours to obtain medical care because they lack confidence in their local physicians, are unable to find a local physician who will see them, and are concerned about confidentiality. (Mainous & Matheny, 1996; Rounds, 1988; Rumley, et al., 1991). This is certainly the case in Rural Ohio, many clients travel to Columbus, Akron, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Parkersburg, West Virginia for medical treatment. Many fear that they will run into acquaintances or relatives if they should visit physicians closer to home. People living in rural areas are still generally afraid of casual contact with anyone with the AIDS virus. We also see less intervention and prevention efforts directed toward rural areas, in part because they tend to be more conservative and not as open to sexuality education and safer sex education.

Prince of Denmark: A Hero?

William's Shakespeare's famous drama Hamlet, is filled with treachery, revenge, and corruption. The play unfolds as the protagonist, a troubled young prince, looses his father to the hand of his uncle. At the same time, his recently widowed mother marries this uncle becomes new king of Denmark. After encountering his father's ghost, young Hamlet dedicates himself to avenge his father's murder. But although at the beginning he seems sure of what he's set out to do, his many flaws start to show thought out the story. He begins constantly struggling in a battle with his mind, and delays action by finding reasons to avoid his duties. He also builds up many emotions on his mother's marriage, and looses faith on all women. He becomes uninterested in life and sees no meaning of it. He's unable to act, to think clearly, to love, to build a much more meaningful life and hides himself in his own thoughts. He clearly was not a fit hero, for he was a passive, suicidal, misogynist wimp. Hamlet can be portrayed as uncertain. He is unclear about whether to avenge the death of his father, or simply mourn his absence but recover and let go. He conveys a feeling of ambiguity in his soliloquies, by fearing condemnation for himself. In act one he first brings out doubts about this father's ghost, saying â€Å"The spirit that I have seen may be the devil. † Making this a quick excuse he continues saying the devil being so strong has abused him in his â€Å"weakness and melancholy† (III, 2, Pg137). He continues to doubt his ability to obey the ghost, for he is simply a coward. He confesses he's â€Å"dull† and claims he cannot take action because his personality is a passive one. As the play goes on, Hamlet still does not find the motivation to continue his plan. He compares himself to the player of a king passionate about Hecuba, when it doesn't mean much to him because he's acting. He says, â€Å"Yet I, a lazy and miserable rascal, mope about like Johnny Daydreams, lacking inspiration for my cause, and unable to say a word. No, not even on behalf of a king who was damnably murdered. † (II, 2, Pg135). The prince of Denmark later begins to convince himself that the ghost was truly his father and is determined to follow the ghost's commands. But in order to kill the king, he thinks of attempting to act but cannot actually bring himself into action. In act III, scene 2, Hamlet decides to go on to kill King Claudius and establish justice once and for all. But at the next scene he talks himself out of character and does not kill the king. Apparently the king was praying in church and he decided not to kill him because â€Å"he would go to heaven. So much for my revenge! †. He delays and intends to do the deed when King Claudius â€Å"is drunk asleep, or in a rage, in bed indulging in incestuous pleasures, blaspheming while playing a game, or involved in some activity that has no trace of God's salvation in it. † (III, 3, Pg187). Hamlet's actions are delayed whenever the situation is not perfect. He goes back and forth, and only kills Claudius when he's almost force to before his own death. Another one of Hamlet's flaws is his lack of contempt for life. After his uncle Claudius murdered his brother, Hamlet's father, he'd knew it was for the power and hand of the queen. His mood turns morbid and depressed. His mind suffered and he was looking at death as the dream of something better than his troubled life. †To live or not to live. That is the issue. Is it more noble to endure the blows of fickle fortune, or to fight against overwhelming odds and overcome them? †(III,1,Pg143). Hamlet is much tired of feeling sorrow over his murdered father and anger towards his mother. But as he contemplates suicide, he wonders and worries about what and where he would go after death. He keeps in mind Christian beliefs of damnation and still sees death as something unknown and feared. But he's constantly wishing he didn't have to go on. â€Å"I have lost my good spirits, dropped all form of exercise. Indeed, I feel so depressed that this beautiful structure the earth seems to be a useless lump of rock. †(II, 2, Pg117). He not only hates his life but the world that surrounds him has no meaning. He even calls his home Denmark, where he is prince, an â€Å"unweedened garden† of â€Å"things rank and gross in nature†(I, 2, Pg00). After coming back from his ship to England, Hamlet encounters a gravedigger and learns he's digging the grave for Ophelia. It makes him feel very angry and confused, and after learning about the life of some of the deceased at the graveyard, changes dramatically his views towards death. He goes from feeling troubled and fearful of the unknown, into a person aware of the reality of death. Hamlet becomes obsessed with it and its effects. In act III he's able to discuss death openly, and when he killed Polonius by mistake he had no sympathy or remorse. Same happened when he sends to kill Rosencratz and Guildenstern believing â€Å"they brought it upon themselves†. He shows numbness to all death around him and death itself. He comes to a conclusion that no matter who you are and how important you are, everyone ends up buried exactly the same way. â€Å"Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returned to dust, the dust is earth, of earth we make loam,†(V, 1, Pg273) This way of thinking helped him accept Laertes' duel knowing what might be his faith. â€Å"Being prepared for [death] is what matters†¦ what's so bad about an early death? (V, 2, Pg295). During the entire play, Hamlet shows a negative view towards the women in his life as well. He feels that both his mother Gertrude, and lover Ophelia have betrayed them through their actions. His relationship with his mother isn't the best because even though he loves her, he's still angry that she didn't mourn his father and married his uncle so quickly after his death. He feels she has betrayed booth him and his father, he also sees it as immoral and disrespectful. He feels she, as well as all woman are dependent on men too much, are too weak, and cannot think for themselves. He calls them â€Å"brainless beasts† who â€Å"Know well enough what cuckold s [they] make of [men]. †(III, 1, Pg149). He begins to feel disgusted with marriage and sexuality â€Å"Imagine! Living in the stinking sweat of a greasy bed, wallowing in corruption, flirting and making love in that disgusting pigsty! †(III, 4, Pg197). Hamlet does not understand how men could stand having women around them at all. His mother obviously shaped greatly his view on all women. He especially let out all these feelings when he encounters his young love Ophelia. He says harsh things to her and treats her as if she was much more inferior to him. He tells her all women are whores, and all women, including her, who seem pure inside are full of corruption and sexual desires. Ophelia's father also gets offended as he's called a fishmonger, because he ordered his daughter to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet doesn't trust Ophelia, even though she's always willing to listen to him. He thinks he's got women all figured out â€Å"I know all about your cosmetics. God has given you one face, and you must make yourselves another. You wiggle and mince, you put on fancy voices, you use fashionable words, and pretend your affections are natural†(III, 1, Pg149). But in the mist of his rage, he failed to see that Ophelia always defended him and loved him despite his brutality towards her. Not only was he passive, suicidal and misogynist, but he often showed he was a wimp. Hamlet delayed his revenge for so long, making several excuses when he had a clear chance to kill his uncle. Also, he simply did not confront him, but organized a play to set him up on what he called a â€Å"mousetrap†. But this only delayed his actions even more. â€Å"My eyes will be revered on his face, later we'll compare notes judging his demeanor. †(III, 2, Pg157). He showed to be afraid of Claudius, because everything he does is not direct. Hamlet was specially a wimp when he goes to confront his mother, and he notices that someone is hiding behind the curtains but cannot make out who it is. Thinking it might be Claudius, he stabs him with his sword. But the person behind the curtains was Polonius, Ophelia's father. â€Å"You wretched rash, intruding fool- farewell. I thought you were the king. Accept your bad luck. †(III, 4, Pg193). His actions were very cowardly because he didn't attack the king directly, but behind the curtain where one cannot see the attack coming. Young Hamlet may had been a prince by birth but not by actions. He also wasn't fit to be a hero, because his many flaws could not allow him to develop a admirable personality. It can't be denied that his situation was harsh and that it could bring sorrow to anyone in his position. But he should have been able to think and express himself more rationally, instead of running endlessly around the same circle of insecurity. His lack of strength affected not only himself but all members of the court and friends. Upon his death he was given memorial like a soldier, even though he lived like a coward, without love, pride or happiness.

Social Learning: Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context

Social learning theory posits that knowledge acquisition is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behaviour, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as of vicarious reinforcement.Role Model TheorySocial learning theory states that people learn from the people that they look up to; this has a huge effect on children of young age and because of their age and knowledge they don’t fully know what’s wrong and what’s right, so that’s why most children look up to celebs on T. V and they want to achieve what they have achieved, sometimes a child’s biggest role models are their parents and they will imitate their behaviour for example if the father of a child is abusive and rough with them than the child might grow up thinking th at was normal and imitate the behaviours when they are older.Social learning theory was first introduced in 1977 by Albert Bandura and he stated that behaviour is learned from the environment around us and through the process of observational learning, for example a child’s environment and upraising is very important in influencing the child’s behaviour in later life, if the child’s environment is a rough area and are brought up by rough parents then the child is more likely to copy the actions and the behaviour of the parents when they grow up.This is clearly illustrated in the Bobo Doll experiment in 1961 by Bandura. Bobo Doll Experiment In 1961 Albert Bandura selected 36 boys and 36 girls from ages between 3 to 6 years old, bandura also chose 2 adults a male and a female; he wanted the adults act aggressively towards the Bobo doll while 24 of the children watched, he wanted the adults act as role models for the children so he can analyse what effects that has on the children, the adults were told to throw the doll about and attack it with various weapons like toy guns, hammers and sticks.While 24 of the group of children watched the 2 adults hitting the doll, the other group of 24 children were watching a non-aggressive adults and the final 24 child were used as a control group and not exposed to any model at all. After the children experienced the adult’s (whether they were  aggressive, non-aggressive or no adult) they were taken in the room with toys and they were also told not to play or touch the toys, as the children got angry and frustrated over the rule of not playing with the toys they were taken to another room where there was a Bobo doll and aggressive and non-aggressive toys that they were allowed to play with, the experimenters recorded the children behaviour.Bandura found out that the children who were exposed to the aggressive model were more likely to act in aggressive ways than those who were not exposed to the aggressive model, those children who were exposed to the aggressive model started hitting the doll with a toy gun and a hammer and also started to punch, kick and throwing it while shouting at the doll. But the children that were exposed to non-aggressive models did not react aggressively towards the Bobo doll instead they just played with the toys and the Bobo doll. Self-full filling prophecySelf-fulfilling prophecy a positive or negative expectation about people that may affect a person’s behaviour towards another in a manner that causes those expectations to be made true. e. g. â€Å"treat others how you would like to be treated â€Å"This happens because our beliefs influence our actions. A child might have low self-esteem so he/she will not try out for any sports teams because their belief is that they are not confident and good enough so he/she will make that belief and prediction happen because they have no self-esteem and confidence.Anti-discrimination behaviour Ant i-discrimination behaviour is action taken to prevent discrimination against people on the grounds of race, class, gender, disability etc. Anti-discriminatory practice promotes equality by introducing anti-discrimination policies in the workplace, this is a good way to preventing discrimination in the workplace because it makes the employees aware of the rules and the horrible effects that discrimination could have on people including self harm and suicide.Another really good way of preventing discrimination on a wide scale is to get popular celebrities to promote a campaigned against discrimination on T. V so it can be seen by millions. Because the campaign is promoted by a popular celebrity it will have lots of followers and supporters, this is because the celebrity acts as a role model and will influence their fans to prevent discrimination from happening.As well as celebrities preventing discrimination and promoting anti- discrimination, other people who aren’t celebritie s can also promote anti-discrimination but it will take longer than celebrities because not everyone is well known and have that many supporters or fans to follow them, this can be done by a person encouraging family and friends together and telling them to let others know about anti-discrimination and after a while more and more people will be promoting the campaign.With lots of supporters. An example of a celebrity promoting anti-discrimination is David Beckham and he promotes the â€Å"SAY NO TO RACISIM† campaign through videos, conventions and also by telling supporters to spread the word, because is well known and liked around the world he has a huge number of followers on twitter which he also uses to promote his campaign. Groups and effects of others (Asch experiment)Solomon Asch conducted a series of experiments in which he studied the willingness of an individual to fit in a group while answering a question, even when those answers were obviously wrong. In the experi ment, subjects who were unaware of the actual experiment were told that they were participating in a vision test. In reality though, each subject was placed in a group of people for the experiments. The people in the group were fully aware of the true purpose of the study.The aim of the experiment was to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform. They seated the group in a classroom and they were asked a variety of questions about an image on which was placed in front of them which contained straight line labelled A, B and C and they were asked how long line A was, which line was longer than the other, which lines were the same length, etc.The group was told to answer each question out loud in front of the rest of the group, with the accomplices of the experiment always answering before the subjects and always giving the same answers as the others. They answered a few of the questions correctly, but then started answering incorrectly on purpose. The results of this experiment were that nearly 75 percent of the participants in the conformity experiments went along with the rest of the group at least one time even though the answer was obviously wrong.The results showed that people feel pressured go along with the majority of people because they feel pressured to fit in with the group and not stand alone against them. Health and Social Care An example of a positive role model for children to look up to and be inspired by is a doctor because they are respected by society and also they help people in need as they save the life’s of hundreds, this makes children look up to them because they see them as hard working, intelligent and respected professionals who make sick people better.Another reason a doctor is a good role model is that their professional achievement is an indication that they have finished education and worked hard to get to where they are, so that influences children to do work har d to and do well in school to get to where they want to be. They are also positive role model because they promote a healthy living and the majority of them promote anti-discrimination and these influence kids to be health and not to judge people because of their skin or background. Social Learning: Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context Social learning theory posits that knowledge acquisition is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behaviour, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as of vicarious reinforcement.Role Model TheorySocial learning theory states that people learn from the people that they look up to; this has a huge effect on children of young age and because of their age and knowledge they don’t fully know what’s wrong and what’s right, so that’s why most children look up to celebs on T. V and they want to achieve what they have achieved, sometimes a child’s biggest role models are their parents and they will imitate their behaviour for example if the father of a child is abusive and rough with them than the child might grow up thinking th at was normal and imitate the behaviours when they are older.Social learning theory was first introduced in 1977 by Albert Bandura and he stated that behaviour is learned from the environment around us and through the process of observational learning, for example a child’s environment and upraising is very important in influencing the child’s behaviour in later life, if the child’s environment is a rough area and are brought up by rough parents then the child is more likely to copy the actions and the behaviour of the parents when they grow up.This is clearly illustrated in the Bobo Doll experiment in 1961 by Bandura. Bobo Doll Experiment In 1961 Albert Bandura selected 36 boys and 36 girls from ages between 3 to 6 years old, bandura also chose 2 adults a male and a female; he wanted the adults act aggressively towards the Bobo doll while 24 of the children watched, he wanted the adults act as role models for the children so he can analyse what effects that has on the children, the adults were told to throw the doll about and attack it with various weapons like toy guns, hammers and sticks.While 24 of the group of children watched the 2 adults hitting the doll, the other group of 24 children were watching a non-aggressive adults and the final 24 child were used as a control group and not exposed to any model at all. After the children experienced the adult’s (whether they were  aggressive, non-aggressive or no adult) they were taken in the room with toys and they were also told not to play or touch the toys, as the children got angry and frustrated over the rule of not playing with the toys they were taken to another room where there was a Bobo doll and aggressive and non-aggressive toys that they were allowed to play with, the experimenters recorded the children behaviour.Bandura found out that the children who were exposed to the aggressive model were more likely to act in aggressive ways than those who were not exposed to the aggressive model, those children who were exposed to the aggressive model started hitting the doll with a toy gun and a hammer and also started to punch, kick and throwing it while shouting at the doll. But the children that were exposed to non-aggressive models did not react aggressively towards the Bobo doll instead they just played with the toys and the Bobo doll. Self-full filling prophecySelf-fulfilling prophecy a positive or negative expectation about people that may affect a person’s behaviour towards another in a manner that causes those expectations to be made true. e. g. â€Å"treat others how you would like to be treated â€Å"This happens because our beliefs influence our actions. A child might have low self-esteem so he/she will not try out for any sports teams because their belief is that they are not confident and good enough so he/she will make that belief and prediction happen because they have no self-esteem and confidence.Anti-discrimination behaviour Ant i-discrimination behaviour is action taken to prevent discrimination against people on the grounds of race, class, gender, disability etc. Anti-discriminatory practice promotes equality by introducing anti-discrimination policies in the workplace, this is a good way to preventing discrimination in the workplace because it makes the employees aware of the rules and the horrible effects that discrimination could have on people including self harm and suicide.Another really good way of preventing discrimination on a wide scale is to get popular celebrities to promote a campaigned against discrimination on T. V so it can be seen by millions. Because the campaign is promoted by a popular celebrity it will have lots of followers and supporters, this is because the celebrity acts as a role model and will influence their fans to prevent discrimination from happening.As well as celebrities preventing discrimination and promoting anti- discrimination, other people who aren’t celebritie s can also promote anti-discrimination but it will take longer than celebrities because not everyone is well known and have that many supporters or fans to follow them, this can be done by a person encouraging family and friends together and telling them to let others know about anti-discrimination and after a while more and more people will be promoting the campaign.With lots of supporters. An example of a celebrity promoting anti-discrimination is David Beckham and he promotes the â€Å"SAY NO TO RACISIM† campaign through videos, conventions and also by telling supporters to spread the word, because is well known and liked around the world he has a huge number of followers on twitter which he also uses to promote his campaign. Groups and effects of others (Asch experiment)Solomon Asch conducted a series of experiments in which he studied the willingness of an individual to fit in a group while answering a question, even when those answers were obviously wrong. In the experi ment, subjects who were unaware of the actual experiment were told that they were participating in a vision test. In reality though, each subject was placed in a group of people for the experiments. The people in the group were fully aware of the true purpose of the study.The aim of the experiment was to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform. They seated the group in a classroom and they were asked a variety of questions about an image on which was placed in front of them which contained straight line labelled A, B and C and they were asked how long line A was, which line was longer than the other, which lines were the same length, etc.The group was told to answer each question out loud in front of the rest of the group, with the accomplices of the experiment always answering before the subjects and always giving the same answers as the others. They answered a few of the questions correctly, but then started answering incorrectly on purpose. The results of this experiment were that nearly 75 percent of the participants in the conformity experiments went along with the rest of the group at least one time even though the answer was obviously wrong.The results showed that people feel pressured go along with the majority of people because they feel pressured to fit in with the group and not stand alone against them. Health and Social Care An example of a positive role model for children to look up to and be inspired by is a doctor because they are respected by society and also they help people in need as they save the life’s of hundreds, this makes children look up to them because they see them as hard working, intelligent and respected professionals who make sick people better.Another reason a doctor is a good role model is that their professional achievement is an indication that they have finished education and worked hard to get to where they are, so that influences children to do work har d to and do well in school to get to where they want to be. They are also positive role model because they promote a healthy living and the majority of them promote anti-discrimination and these influence kids to be health and not to judge people because of their skin or background.

Writing Special Educational Needs Essay

Writing Special Educational Needs Essay Writing: Special Educational Needs Essay The effectiveness of leadership and management of the early years provision The leadership team have demonstrated a very high standard of leadership and management through careful analysis of the pre-school’s needs and the implementation of improvements. This enables the children to access an exciting range of stimulating and imaginative activities that contribute significantly to their all round excellent progress and development. Detailed planning that takes account of the six areas of learning as well as children’s individual interests ensures that they are well motivated and are developing into confident young learners. The manager has developed a strong team, who along with the committee, and taking account of parents’ views, are closely involved in evaluating in detail the provision’s strengths and areas for development very thoroughly. Over the last year they have incorporated the requirements of the Early Years Foundation Stage, by ensuring all staff have received training in the new framework and through extensive revisio n of their planning and assessments procedures. Regular staff meetings are held to evaluate practice and for further planning to ensure the individual needs of all children are being met effectively through the provision of challenging and interesting activities. The key person organisation enables staff to monitor progress closely and to communicate regularly with parents how well their children are doing. All staff have access to further training to regularly update their skills, especially in first aid, food hygiene, special educational needs, managing behaviour and child protection matters. Annual appraisals ensure that staff maintain high standards and that any training needs are identified and met. Parents are seen as very important partners and their views are closely canvassed through questionnaires, newsletters and discussions. The optional lunch club was implemented following a suggestion from a parent. Home booklets enable parents to record activities and achievements mad e by children at home, sometimes using photographic evidence, which is then shared with pre-school and included in their assessment information. Parents describe the provision as ‘brilliant’ because of the good level of care provided and because their children enjoy attending so much. Parents are particularly pleased with the excellent transitional arrangements made with the school which allows many visits for children to get to know the staff and other children through joining in a range of activities like plays, assemblies, and story time. Parents are

Chordates - Chordata - The Animal Encyclopedia

Chordates - Chordata - The Animal Encyclopedia Chordates (Chordata) are a group of animals that includes vertebrates, tunicates, lancelets. Of these, the vertebrates- lampreys, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fishes- are the most familiar and are the group to which humans belong. Chordates are bilaterally symmetrical, which means there is a line of symmetry that divides their body into halves that are roughly mirror images of each other. Bilateral symmetry is not unique to chordates. Other groups of animals- arthropods, segmented worms, and echinoderms- exhibit bilateral symmetry (although in the case of echinoderms, they are bilaterally symmetrical only during the larval stage of their life cycle; as adults they exhibit pentaradial symmetry). All chordates have a notochord that is present during some or all of their life cycle. A notochord is a semi-flexible rod that provides structural support and serves as an anchor for the animals large body muscles. The notochord consists of a core of semi-fluid cells enclosed in a fibrous sheath. The notochord extends the length of the animals body. In vertebrates, the notochord is only present during the embryonic stage of development, and is later replaced when vertebrae develop around the notochord to form the backbone. In tunicates, the notochord remains present throughout the animals entire life cycle. Chordates have a single, tubular nerve cord that runs along the back (dorsal) surface of the animal which, in most species, forms a brain at the front (anterior) end of the animal. They also have pharyngeal pouches that are present at some stage in their life cycle. In vertebrates, pharyngeal pouches develop into various different structures such as the middle ear cavity, the tonsils, and the parathyroid glands. In aquatic chordates, the pharyngeal pouches develop into pharyngeal slits which serve as openings between the pharyngeal cavity and the external environment. Another characteristic of chordates is a structure called the endostyle, a ciliated groove on the ventral wall of the pharynx that secretes mucus and traps small food particles that enter the pharyngeal cavity. The endostyle is present in tunicates and lancelets. In vertebrates, the endostyle is replaced by the thyroid, an endocrine gland located in the neck. Key Characteristics The key characteristics of chordates include: notochorddorsal tubular nerve cordpharyngeal pouches and slitsendostyle or thyroidpostnatal tail Species Diversity More than 75,000 species Classification Chordates are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Chordates Chordates are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Lancelets (Cephalochordata) - There are about 32 species of lancelets alive today. Members of this group have a notochord that persists throughout their entire life cycle. Lancelets are marine animals that have long narrow bodies. The earliest known fossil lancelet,Yunnanozoon,  lived about 530 million years ago  during the Cambrian Period. Fossil lancelets were also found in the famous fossil beds of the Burgess Shale in British Columbia.Tunicates (Urochordata) - There are about 1,600 species species of tunicates alive today. Members of this group include sea squirts, larvaceans and thaliaceans. Tunicates are marine filter-feeders, most of which live a sessile life as adults, attached to rocks or other hard surfaces on the seafloor.Vertebrates (Vertebrata) - There are about 57,000 species of vertebrates alive today. Members of this group include lampreys, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fishes. In vertebrates, the notochord is replaced during development by multiple ver tebrae that make up the backbone. Sources Hickman C, Robers L, Keen S, Larson A, IAnson H, Eisenhour D. Integrated Principles of Zoology 14th ed. Boston MA: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 910 p. Shu D, Zhang X, Chen L. Reinterpretation of Yunnanozoon as the earliest known hemichordate. Nature.  1996;380(6573):428-430.

Salary Negotiation Skills for Women Close the Pay Gap! Part 2

Salary Negotiation Skills for Women Close the Pay Gap! Part 2 Salary Negotiation Skills for Women: Close the Pay Gap! Part 2 Last week, I wrote about the importance of salary negotiation skills for women in my article, Salary Negotiation for Women. In it, I drew from information presented in a webinar by Professor Deborah Ellis that emphasized how salary negotiation skills can help close the gender pay gap. I promised last week to share more about specific salary negotiation skills. Following are some of the issues you might run into and how salary negotiation skills can help you address them. What if you’re asked about your prior salary or salary expectations at any point in your job search? Some employers try to get you to state a number before they do, which is in no way a good thing for you. A low number sets you up to be underpaid by some organizations, and a high number sets you up to be eliminated from consideration. Knowing how to answer the salary expectation question is hugely important for women so that they get paid fairly, not based on a previously too-low salary. Here’s how Professor Ellis recommends responding if you’re asked about your salary expectations or previous salary: If you’re in California, Massachusetts, Delaware, or Oregon, or in the cities of New York City and Philadelphia, you can explain that there are laws stating you are not required to answer it. These laws are a great step toward ending pay discrimination. For instance, say, â€Å"I’m sure that if you decide I’m the best candidate for the job, we can agree on an appropriate salary for the position.† Or ask them â€Å"What is the range that you’re thinking of for the position?† Show them you’ve done your research. Say, â€Å"I’ve done some research and understand that the range for this position is $X to $Y. I trust you will offer a fair salary based on industry standards.† If you must state a number, state a range. Or ask for a number at the top of the range you’ve researched, and explain you’re hoping for that salary but are willing to negotiate. Once you get an offer, here are Professor Ellis’s tips on how to negotiate effectively: Do not initiate a salary negotiation conversation before you get a job offer. Do not ask in your initial phone interview about salary, benefits, or working from home. Wait until you’ve been offered a position before you bring up any of these issues. Otherwise you will be seen as immature at best, and greedy at worst. You won’t get a second interview. Be prepared. Before you step into a negotiation, calculate your target, your ask, and your bottom line. Gather as many objective facts as possible, including the salaries of others. There are two main ways to do your research: Surf the web. Use salary.com, glassdoor.com, and industry-specific websites. Ask your networks (including LinkedIn!). If you’re a woman, ask your colleagues what a man would ask to be paid for this job. If you want to work from home, find out ahead of time whether other people in similar positions have worked from home. Ask for up to 20% over your target. And don’t accept anything below your bottom line. Negotiate the total package just salary–keep salary and benefits, title, scope of responsibility, travel, flexibility, and resources to accomplish your job on the table. Asking for more than one thing allows you to trade off. Keep in mind that some benefits might be non-negotiable, and do not push on those. Note: If you’re asking for multiple things, let the employer know at the beginning of the conversation- and ask them in what order they would like to address those things. Understand and leverage the concept of anchoring. Here’s how anchoring works: The first number anyone says is the number that everyone will remember. So don’t say a low number first or you’ll be stuck with a low number! Start with a high number and then anything else will sound smaller. If you have another offer, that’s a great benchmark and bargaining point. Always be conversational and pleasant while you’re advising a potential employer of other offers! Identify employer’s interests. For more good advice on this strategy, read Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In, by Roger Fisher, William Ury, and Bruce Patton. Ask for time to consider an offer if you need it. If a company wants you, they’ll be willing to wait- whether that’s overnight or even a week or two, depending on the situation. Practice with peers or a professional interview coach- and then go negotiate! How can I learn more about salary negotiation and salary negotiation for women? Here are some great resources suggested by Professor Ellis: AAUW, American Association of University Women Babcock Laschever, Ask For It: How Women Can Use the Power of Negotiation to Get What They Really Want (2009) Babcock Laschever, Women Don’t Ask: The High Cost of Avoiding Negotiation- and Positive Strategies for Change (2007) Roger Fisher, William Ury, Bruce Patton, Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In (1991) If you are a woman (or a man) with an upcoming interview, try using some of these salary negotiation skills, strategies and tactics. I’d love to hear the results!

Developments of China and Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Developments of China and Europe - Essay Example If we analyse the history of Europe, it will come to our notice that Europe has been defined and redefined from time to time and its identity changed with the overall historical periods. (Hudson 2000). For example, a Europe of Middle Ages is different than the Europe during the industrial revolution similarly, if we assess the rise and fall of China, we will observe the same patterns in its history. Development of China also took place in a very strange and somewhat unusual manner because it flourished along the yellow river and in various city states. This simultaneous development of cities within Chinese civilization provided it necessary uniqueness in terms of its evaluation as one of the most important civilizations of the world. The era during 200-800 A.D. in Europe started with the rise of Roma as the center of world civilization. From 753 BC to AD 337, Roma or Rome dominated the European history and brought up one of the most important civilizations of the world which laid the foundations for later moderation that took place during that period. One of the most important aspects of this period was the development of political institutions in the Europe and as such modern foundations of democracy as the most preferred method of governance was laid down. (Davies 1996). On the other hand, in China, first 100 years i.e. 100 AD were marked with the invention of paper and its mass scale production was started under the direction of Cai Lun. Similarly, Buddhism also started to make inroads into the Chinese culture as missionaries of Buddhism started to gain significant influence within the Chinese society. (Ebrey 1999). If we compare the initial period of the history in these two regions, we will come to a conclusion that the both the regions were parallel to each other in terms of religious development because at one hand, Buddhism was gaining control in Chinese society in the first

Significance of effective leadership within the 21st century business Assignment

Significance of effective leadership within the 21st century business context - Assignment Example Significance of effective leadership within the 21st century business context It is in this context that various challenges and shortcomings are witnessed in relation to the strategies developed for effective organizational management which further requires greater degree of rationality among the leaders. An illustration of a practical scenario shall be quite helpful to describe the significance and criticality of effective leadership within the 21st century business context. With this concern, this discussion will intend to describe, analyze and subsequently understand the effectiveness of leadership in Ford Motor Company. Notably, the company had to witness serious obstacles recently before the occurrence of 2008 economic crisis when the strategies implemented by the Corporate Executive Officer (CEO) Mr. Alan Mulally proved to be quite helpful in redirecting the organization towards a healthier growth. However, the current situation is also not without any challenges for the company which indicates towards the necessity to reconsider the business strategies practiced by the company. Ford is renowned as one of the leading brands in the international automotive industry which is engaged with manufacturing and distributing a wide range of automobiles and accessories. Ford is universally well-known having its manufacturing and distributing branches located all over the world. There are currently altogether nearly 90 manufacturing and distributing plants located in globally. ... Ford also relates with the financial services industry being associated with rendering loan and vehicle insurance facilities to its customers worldwide. Working in such versatile environment, Ford was able to successfully secure a leadership position within the global automotive industry obtaining sustainable profits over the years. However, it had to witness severe crisis situation during the early decade of the 21st century, incurring a record debt in its history depicting a position of financial instability and limited sustainability. Contextually, to rule the market once again and to regain its sustainability, Ford had to overcome number of challenges over the recent decades. In order to overcome such a crisis situation, Ford had to consider drastic changes in its operations being largely focused on its consumer needs and wants. It was during this period, that the organization witnessed a leadership change, where the then newly recruited Corporate Executive Officer (CEO) Mr. Alan Mulally implemented drastic financial and managerial strategies which ultimately assisted the organization to recover from the situation. This particular scenario can be regarded as quite illustrative too reflect upon the significance of organizational leadership to secure competitiveness, sustainability and growth of the company in today’s 21st century context (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2009). Being a global and hugely diversified organization, Ford has a large number of primary stakeholders which include customers, suppliers, dealers, employees’ communities and investors or shareholders. Ford has been significantly focused on its brand recognition and reputation amid its stakeholders. For instance, the

4. Using different newspaper articles on the recession and its origins Essay

4. Using different newspaper articles on the recession and its origins in the credit crunch assess how Webers explanation of value judgments and evidence might help us understand the different views - Essay Example (Hoenisch 2006). It clearly states that facts and information are different from values that exist in a judgment. We understand that a fact or evidence leading to a judgment is different from a value judgment. However, the question here is do facts and evidences on a situation enable us to make value based judgments? While we explore factual and perceptual information of the US recession, let us go over each piece of news from the leading dailies, over the last one year and carefully analyze and arrive at a consensus through Weber’s dichotomy understanding of facts and values. It is essential to arrive at a clear cut estimation of facts and the information stated in these dailies to understand their different views and the origination of the credit crunch. Body: Let us start off with the latest on the US recession. The Guardian reports â€Å"The US unemployment rate has hit a 26-year high after employers shed 663,000 jobs in March to cope with plunging demand for goods and deteriorating economic conditions. The March figures were in line with economists forecasts and they had little immediate impact on the financial markets. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was likely to open marginally higher at the opening bell on Wall Street.There was a degree of relief that the numbers were not worse. Peter Kenny, the managing director of Knight Equity Markets in New Jersey, said: "It gives the market a sense that we dodged a bullet in the very, very near term. Its positive in that it wasnt a blowout number of more than 750,000."Nevertheless, jobs were lost in every sector of the economy except for healthcare and education. The White House had been expecting bad news. Speaking ahead of the figures, President Barack Obamas spokesman, Robert Gibbs, said: "I think its safe to expect - without having seen them - that well see additional severe job cuts in America.† Despite the rising level of

Gary Kulesha Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gary Kulesha - Essay Example In 1995, he joined the Toronto Symphony Orchestra as a composer-advisor. The Orchestra took his ‘Gates of Times’ on their American tour in 1999 while his ‘The True Color of the Sky’ was taken the next year on the European tour. He is the youngest composer to be named as the Composer of the year by PROCanada. For his achievements, Gary Kulesha was honored with the first National Arts Centre Orchestra Composer Award. He has been nominated twice for the Juno award, once for his ‘Third Chamber Concerto’ in 1990 and again in the year 2000 for ‘The Book of Mirrors’. In 2002, he took part in the international Double Reed Convention and co-directed Chamber Orchestra Program of the new Banff centre (Gary Kulesha Biography). Presently, Gary Kulesha is a teacher at the renowned University of Toronto where he teaches composition and theory and holds the position of the director of the Contemporary Music ensemble. He has earned great repute in h is lifetime and is an asset for his country. Works Cited â€Å"Gary Kulesha Biography.† Banff centre. 26 04 2011 .

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight Essay

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight - Essay Example The differences in of time and seasons of these territories, and the variety of soils and climates, are believe to have an ever more significant effect upon the material and industrial, as well as upon the social and political expansion of the British Empire (British Empire, 2004). Although the British Empire has since almost completely disappeared, its tough influence all over the world, such as in economic practice, legal and government systems, the spread of many traditionally British sports (such as cricket) and also the spread of the English language still remains (British Empire, 2006). The failure of English territorial ambitions in continental Europe impelled the kingdom's rulers to look further afield, creating the foundations of the mercantile and colonial network that was later to become the British Empire. The chaos of the Reformation entangled England in religious wars with Europe's Catholic powers, particularly Spain, however, the kingdom preserved its independence as much through luck as through the skill of charismatic rulers such as Elizabeth I. Elizabeth's successor, James I was already king of Scotland (as James VI); and this personal union of the two crowns into the crown of Great Britain was followed a century later by the Act of Union 1707, which formally unified England, Scotland and Wales into the Kingdom of Great Britain. This later became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801 to 1927) and then the modern state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1927 to present) (England, 2006). The overseas British Empir e - in the sense of British oceanic exploration and settlement outside of Europe and the British Isles - was rooted in the revolutionary maritime policies of King Henry VII, who reigned 1485-1509. Building on commercial links in the wool trade promoted during the reign of his predecessor King Richard III, (British Empire, 2006). The fundamentals of sea power, having been laid during Henry VII's reign, were slowly extended to defend English trade and open up new routes. King Henry VIII founded the modern English navy (though the plans to do so were put into motion during his father's reign), more than tripling the number of warships and constructing the first large vessels with heavy, long-range guns. He initiated the Navy's formal, centralized administrative apparatus, built new docks, and constructed the network of beacons and lighthouses that greatly facilitated coastal navigation for English and foreign merchant sailors. Henry thus established the munitions-based Royal Navy that was able to repulse the Spanish Armada in 1588, and his innovations provided the seed for the imperial navy of later centuries (British Empire, 2006). In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed the island of Newfoundland as England's for Elizabeth I, reinforcing John Cabot's prior claim to the island in 1497, for Henry VII, as England's first overseas colony. Gilbert's shipwreck prevented ensuing settlement in Newfoundland, other than the seasonal cod fishermen who had frequented the

Communicating Effectively Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Communicating Effectively - Research Paper Example In addition, the patterns depicted within the cross-sex communication frequently display the mean both men and female engage interpersonally. Regarding conflict conditions, the underlying contrasting behaviors amidst the prevailing sexes is extremely evident. Conflict is a common component of the entire associations and corresponding means of tackling crucially to the basic survival of the associations (Stone, 112). This paper discusses the conflict-handling styles in males and females and the implications of these techniques for supervisors. Communication is a procedure that entails sharing information amidst personalities via existing conventional system of the prevailing symbols and behavior. In addition, the mean through which populace frequently communicate relies on their gender (Robbins, Deenzo & Wolter, 50). Communication is an element of everyday life in which conflict is cumbersome to eliminate. Conflict is frequently developed when populace shares diverse beliefs concerning particular issues. Numerous factors determine what individuals believe, and they play an influential role in people’s opinions, consequently influencing their course of action. For this reason, there is a discernable difference between the conflict handling styles between males and females. Both genders communicate in diverse means by that making them initiate interpersonal communication in times of disputes. In the book, ‘Men are From Mars and Women are From Venus,’ John Gray (2004) says Men and women expect their men to feel, engage via communication to their actions. People forget that both genders are unique. Thus, their engagement is full of unnecessary misunderstanding and disagreements. The gender differences in conflict management originate from the gender-based tendencies that are rooted in a person’s childhood. Females depict a relational style of engagement, which entails expressing point of views, relations and offering a relatively larger proportion

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight Essay

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight - Essay Example The differences in of time and seasons of these territories, and the variety of soils and climates, are believe to have an ever more significant effect upon the material and industrial, as well as upon the social and political expansion of the British Empire (British Empire, 2004). Although the British Empire has since almost completely disappeared, its tough influence all over the world, such as in economic practice, legal and government systems, the spread of many traditionally British sports (such as cricket) and also the spread of the English language still remains (British Empire, 2006). The failure of English territorial ambitions in continental Europe impelled the kingdom's rulers to look further afield, creating the foundations of the mercantile and colonial network that was later to become the British Empire. The chaos of the Reformation entangled England in religious wars with Europe's Catholic powers, particularly Spain, however, the kingdom preserved its independence as much through luck as through the skill of charismatic rulers such as Elizabeth I. Elizabeth's successor, James I was already king of Scotland (as James VI); and this personal union of the two crowns into the crown of Great Britain was followed a century later by the Act of Union 1707, which formally unified England, Scotland and Wales into the Kingdom of Great Britain. This later became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801 to 1927) and then the modern state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1927 to present) (England, 2006). The overseas British Empir e - in the sense of British oceanic exploration and settlement outside of Europe and the British Isles - was rooted in the revolutionary maritime policies of King Henry VII, who reigned 1485-1509. Building on commercial links in the wool trade promoted during the reign of his predecessor King Richard III, (British Empire, 2006). The fundamentals of sea power, having been laid during Henry VII's reign, were slowly extended to defend English trade and open up new routes. King Henry VIII founded the modern English navy (though the plans to do so were put into motion during his father's reign), more than tripling the number of warships and constructing the first large vessels with heavy, long-range guns. He initiated the Navy's formal, centralized administrative apparatus, built new docks, and constructed the network of beacons and lighthouses that greatly facilitated coastal navigation for English and foreign merchant sailors. Henry thus established the munitions-based Royal Navy that was able to repulse the Spanish Armada in 1588, and his innovations provided the seed for the imperial navy of later centuries (British Empire, 2006). In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed the island of Newfoundland as England's for Elizabeth I, reinforcing John Cabot's prior claim to the island in 1497, for Henry VII, as England's first overseas colony. Gilbert's shipwreck prevented ensuing settlement in Newfoundland, other than the seasonal cod fishermen who had frequented the

Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications for Construction projects Assignment

Mobile Computing and Wireless Communications for Construction projects - Assignment Example For the entire human race their society went through a complete revolution with the emergence of information and communications technology just a few decades back. Construction and Management is one of the numerous fields that have been benefitted immensely by Information and Communications technology. Not only have the methods of construction been perfected by technology, the ability to communicate in the real time environment among locations physically located at far off places was a revolutionizing factor indeed. The present day construction companies’ scenario is such that highly specialized network infrastructure and special communication needs have become integral for their survival. This is owing to the intricate and advanced nature of the projects that have been taken up by the technology equipped construction companies. The general infrastructure is such that the main hub or the headquarters of the construction company is located in a main city. This construction hub is equipped with the smartest telecommunication technologies so as to remain perfectly in contact with construction points at spread out physical locations. Some construction points may be this far that they may not lie under any physical wired private or public networks or even wireless network coverage area. These construction site offices are often present at the termination of the area that is being constructed. The activities within the entire construction area may be far off from the construction office sites and construction may continue sometimes even for months and years. The movements of staff and managers between ‘different sites’ and ‘between the headquarter and sites’ are intermittent and take place at regular intervals. The terrain of the construction sites is often such that the land is physically irregular with ongoing digging and other groundwork. It is under such circumstances that the

The Person That I Love the Most Essay Example for Free

The Person That I Love the Most Essay Man is a social animal, we love to live in society and found comfort in our family. It gives us ease and mental satisfaction to live among people to whom we know. It is our nature like or dislike people among whom we live. There are lots of people to whom we love or hate. I categorized three types of people to whom normally a person can love. The first type of persons are whom we love because of our natural relationship with them for instance our mother, father, daughter, son, wife, brother etc. The second type of peoples is those to whom we like because of their qualities for example we may like our mentor because the way he teaches us, we like the leader because the way he leads the nation in difficult situations, we like the scientist because the way his invention contribution to the society and so on. The third type of person to whom we love is the opposite gender. Yes this is the most widespread type of love that we can see nowadays present in most of the people. There is no age limit for having this sort of love we can see it from youngster to older ones. I will discuss here the person to I love most or I like most. This is the person whose work or invention has reshaped our lives. This is the man for whom American President Mr. Obama appraised as â€Å"Bold enough to think differently, brave enough to believe that he could change the world and talented enough to do that†. Yes, you could easily recognize him that was deceased Steve Jobs – The former Chief Executive Officer of the Apple Corporation. His nature, vision and enthusiasm have reshaped our life. Most of us are using computers, touch screen smart phones, and touch screen tablets. We are very familiar with the computer by the advent of Graphical User Interface, easily recognize computer file in the shape of icons, maven at using computer mouse; these all things have his fingerprints. He was the man behind this entire thing, this was his vision that now peoples are frenzy in using touchscreen smartphones, listening music using an Ipod. His invention of Iphone and iPod now set the standard of many things in the industry. In conclusion, I would like to state that without him we could not see the exciting things which we are now addicted to. Truly he is the man who not only made his Company the world largest in terms of market capitalization but also gave the customer more than their expectations.

The role of government in economic development

The role of government in economic development Using national and internationally examples critically assess the role of government in the management of the economy and the economic development. Government plays an important role in keeping the economy stable. Economic during extreme regression such as World War II force governments to take part in rehabilitating the economy. During 1980s, the growth of many developing countries faced a serious down turn (Adelman, 1999). However, many Asian countries assisted by their government are able to maintain or even improve the economic development. Their government found their way out by avoiding deflation and restriction of import and wage. Instead, they promoted their export capacity which allows foreign country to trade and invest in their market. The US federal government is another example of government managed economy. By adjusting the tax, money supply, or the wages, the governments are capable of controlling the rate of economic growth in which affect the amount of employment and price, in turn affect demand and supply. During the Great Depression, in the period of 1930s, government faced economic recessions (Governments Role, 2010). By concerning about slow growth rate, the government treated this situation as the most serious. They greatly reduced taxes rate and funded the money supply themselves. Later in 1970s, the government faced against another problem, the inflation. To deal with inflation, government leaders controlled the situation by restricting the rate of demand, avoiding tax cut, and maintaining the growth in money supply. For decades, Thai government has focus mainly on industrialization policy along its economic situation. To stabilize economic development, they improvise industrial market to be their priority. First, the government allowed the private sector to support the industrial development. Then they would avoid forming any investment that might compete with the industrys private support. These strategies are used to support the private sector, providing governments support, and promote people to compete. However, to be able to take part in international competitive market, the government would have to enhance their productivity rate in both quality and quantity. Therefore, the government reinforces skilled labor and more advance technology to assist industries to increase the standard of their products. With government assistance, we were able to cooperate with Indochina countries in their international trade and investment(Adelman, 1999). Q3. Think about the connection between food production and climate. Write as essay which covers a list of the various ways that production, distribution, and consumption contribute or neutralize effects on the climate. One of the main factors regarding agriculture is climate. As climate change, it causes serious damage on soil, crops, livestock, pest, or even diseases. Therefore, we human tried to find solutions that could neutralize these damages. Policies are made to solve problem from climate changes. First the policy called Agricultural subsidy and trade policies(Antle, 2010). This method was established since 1930; it promote farmer to grow funded crop rather than trying to adapt to climate change. This policy controls the farmers activity. It eventually twisted international market. The second policy or, Production and income insurance policies and disaster assistance(Antle, 2010) is a long term method that insurance disasters. This policy insures that farmer will receiver partial payment in return if their farms are damage but natural disaster. The third policy is called Soil and water conservation policies and ecosystem services (Antle, 2010). This policy protects the fertility of soil and water in a certain area. Crop are ordered to be taken out and replaced by trees. However, this policy do not granted the wish to adapt to climate change even though it promotes environmental value (Antle, 2010). The next policy is Tax policies (Antle, 2010). Because taxation affects almost everything, it gain control of adaptation by speed up the depreciation of assets or promote investment that are eco-friendly. However, taxes can only assist agriculture indirectly. It is more effective in other area in economy, so this policy is often neglected. The fifth policy is the Energy policies (Antle, 2010). We became more and more concern about our climate condition. Therefore, we are more interest in non-fossil-based energy (Antle, 2010). Food production can help fix this problem too. Crops or waste product could be turned into energy. The cost of this method is also very low. Environmental policies and agricultural land use is another policy that contribute to climate change(Antle, 2010). This policy manages the amount of land used since climate change varies in different areas. For example, animal waste has been placed together in a specific site so that the place can be used later. Unknowingly, food production or agriculture could be useful in helping the environment. Since climate changes could not be avoided, every available resource is used to delay it. From animal waste to taxation, they all have their own values to adapt against climate changes. Q4. Where is the future demand for energy likely to be the greatest and why? What sources of energy are likely to dominate in the short run future? In the longer run? Should we be optimistic or pessimistic about the short-run and long-run prospects for energy? India is a home to over 15 % of the world population (India Energy Data, 2010). With high growing economic rate, they consume high amount of energy resources equal to developed countries such as US or Japan. In future, the demand tends to increase due to higher rate of population and vehicle. As the world 5th largest energy consumer, India used 3.7% of the worlds commercial energy (Shanker, n.d.). In contrast, the availability of resources is low; it is likely that someday resources will be insufficient. According to statistics, 8 percent growth of DGP rate would also require higher commercial energy, such as coal, from 3.7% to 6.1% and primary energy supply, such fossil fuel, from 2.2% to 5.1% (Shanker, n.d.). However, every resource is limited especially for coal. Not only they are shortage in the amount, but they also provide low quality of energy including the damage to the surrounding environment. Knowing that someday we will use up all these nonrenewable resources, we also discovered other source of reliable energy such as solar energy. Many scientists assure that in short future, solar energy can be No.1 energy source (What will solar energy need to dominate in future, 2010). With unlimited amount of energy, the sun has a potential of creating solar power enough to fill the need of every single human being. Moreover, energy provided by the sun is acceptably clean and it does not require any maintenance (Future Uses of Solar Energy, 2009). However, this energy resource is still incomplete. Solar energy does not have the power to complete with fossil fuel. It also is costly to obtain this energy and it still requires farther research. Despite the incomplete factors of solar energy, this type of energy is likely to dominate the short run future. Nuclear power is the second to nothing in creating energy. Like solar energy, nuclear energy leaves no trace of carbon behind (Liptak, 2009). The amount of energy it is capable is extremely high. However, nuclear energy has its own disadvantages. Start off with the unstable cost of uranium. The amount nuclear power plant requires could be estimated around four million tons. Calculating from today uranium price ($50/lb) it could, one day, suddenly raise up to twice its original cost (Liptak, 2009). The other disadvantage would be its risk factors. Nuclear power is dangerous, and its toxic waste is highly contaminated. Scientist still has to do research no how to keep it safe. But the usage today is already abundant; it supplies energy for over 7.5% of total consumptions (Liptak, 2009). So it is now slowly crawling to the peak of long term energy. Both solar and nuclear energy are to be look forward to. I believed they are capable of replacing existing nonrenewable resources like fossil fuel. Future science and technology would be able to reduce the cost of these energies. Finally, it will be both worthy and safe. Q5. Regionalization verses Globalization, discuss how globalization has led to regionalization and the tensions that have arisen between these two forces, as these are involved in the current trends towards formation of continental trading blocs and trade regimes. Compare and contrast the protectionist tendencies of the 2000s with those of the 1930s. Many countries economy tried to expand their market internationally. Globalization process led them worldwide. However, sometime, it encourages these countries to invest in the smaller area instead. The barriers between cultures may interfered the market (Clancy, 2009). So it is more convenient to invest in area with same living style or belief. This is why some countries change their method from globalization to regionalization. Trading with neighbor is obviously easier than trading with far foreigners. The price rate too differs between places. For example, text book used by Thai university cannot be sold in US. Why is this so? The price rates between Thailand and US differ so much that the prices of books made in US is unaffordable for Thais. Thats why books were printed in here just for us, and they are strictly restricted by the US. Since is it harder for South East Asian countries to do trading with United State compare to the nearby countries. These countries established their own market with neighboring countries to strengthen themselves. ASEAN is one of them. With cooperating countries, to trade with far foreign countries is far easier. During the early 1930s, protectionism kept US trading away from outside. With low international trading partners and less economic tools, this period were known to be disastrous (Clancy, 2009). In 2000s, the United Stated seems to have learned their lesson. The tendencies in protectionism decline allowing global trade to grow. When money supply is stable, investor again have confident in the market, therefore, economic rate growth. Most people agree that protectionism is not the right way out. This method in both periods risked the market with depression state. Q6. Describe and explain the differences in age composition of populations in advanced countries and those in less-developed ones. What economic and social problems do these populations characteristics create in each case? In the different living environments, the different is population age is distinctive. Fertility rate is one factor that decides the amount of population (World Population Prospects, Volume III). In well-developed countries, fertility rate due to technology and medication is higher compare to the developing countries. This is why age composition in these two environments differs. In advanced countries, the ratios of older persons are much higher compare to the less-developed countries. According to statistics, the rates of people with age above 65 tend to rise from 15.3% in 2005 to 25.9% in 2050, whilst the population of the young ones under age of 15 will slightly decline from 17 % to 15.6% in the same period. For the less-developed countries, population of old-age people increase from only 3.2% to 6.6 %, while population of youth under 15 will apparently decrease from 41.5 % to 28.9 % due to lesser fertility rate. However, these children do not just vanish, as time changes the ratios of population age around 15-64 will rise up from 55% to 64.5% in this period of time (World Population Prospects, Volume III). As overall rate of young population decrease while the rate of old people increase the rate of dependency too will rise. During the period of 2005 2050, in the developed countries, the ratio rate of dependency per 100 working person rise from 47.7 to 71.2. This will obviously cause independency problem for people with age over 65 since the number of working population compare to retired people is decreasing. In contrast, ratios of dependency per working people in the less-developed area drop from 81.8 to 55.1 which means, children in these regions are stepping into workable stage while old (retired) dies (World Population Prospects, Volume III). The dependency rate not only affects peoples living, but it also affects economic performance. If the populations of workable people increase, the income per capita of this group will too rise. In the less developed countries, economic growths are effected by growing of working-age population (World Population Prospects, Volume III). As the income per capita grows, people tend to spend more which motivate active economic market. In this period, the workable population boosts the rates of economic growth. However, the rates differ in developed countries. As the workable population decrease, the countries economic growth will too delay.

Theropod Discovery Challenges the Dinosaur-to-Bird Theory :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Theropod Discovery Challenges the Dinosaur-to-Bird Theory For years, it has been believed that Dinosaurs are ancestors of modern day birds. By simply looking at pictures of dinosaurs, one can find many physical similarities between these reptiles and modern day birds. Often the legs and the chest cavities are very similar in shape. Some dinosaurs have limbs that look like they could evolve into modern day wings, some dinosaurs even had feathers (6). A recent discovery in Italy of an extremely well preserved Scipionyx samniticus challenges this idea. The skeleton of this small Therapod was nearly complete, but more impressively, there was still remnants of soft tissue. Portions of the Trachea, the liver, the skeletal muscle, and the intestines were still preserved (1). Scipionyx is a small meat-eating dinosaur that lived in the early Cretaceous. It has sharp teeth and claws, with powerful hind legs. The fourth maxillary tooth is longer than the rest almost giving the Scipionyx a vampire-like look. It has a long tail that aided in its balance, very large eyes and was most likely a small, yet quick hunter (3). It lived in what is now Italy. The skeleton that was found was a nine inch newborn, but some scientists think that a full grown Scipionyx can reach up to ten feet in length (3). The Scipionyx also possess an enormous hand which is common to the maniraptors (3). This group includes dinosaurs like the velociraptor. The Scipionyx was so well preserved in limestone, that using an ultra-violet light, one could get almost an X-ray of the baby Therapod (5). The internal organs of this dinosaur are somewhat similar to that of a crocodile. For example, the Trachea is well situated in the vertebral column (1). In birds, the Tracheas is usually adjacent to the vertebral column. Similarly to the crocodile, the Scipionyx’s liver is placed ahead of the large intestine (1). The Scipionyx has small groups of muscle fibers that seem to be diaphragmatic musculature (1). Again, these are similar to that of modern day crocodiles. The diaphragmatic musculature aides in diaphragm assisted breathing, which allows modern-day crocodiles to have burst-like movements (1). These traits are not consistent with an avian style, air sac component which is typical of birds (1). The diaphragm was shown to divide the body into two parts. One part contained the heart and the lungs, the other had the intestines, and the entrails (2).

Hospitals and Long-Term Care Facilities Essay

Abstract Hospitals can be set up as nonprofit or for-profit facilities. The differences between the nonprofit and for profit hospitals will be discussed. Hospitals have experienced different trends in the last thirty years. This paper will identify at least three major trends that have occurred within the hospital sector. Three examples that describe and differentiate the roles of hospitals and nursing homes are providing long-term care. The conclusion of this paper will be a brief critiquing of the current state of long-term care policy in the United States. Hospitals and Long-Term Care Facilities The differences between nonprofit and for-profit hospitals: A characteristic as stated by Williams and Torrens (2008) of nonprofit hospitals is that these hospitals do not function under the realm of regular corporate law but under a special provision of the corporate law in each state. It is also noted that nonprofit hospitals also function under special federal and state tax provisions because of recognition of their community service function. Other characteristics of nonprofit hospitals are they do not have owners and their governing body is a community based board that has complete authority over operations. Nonprofit hospitals, in general, are not required to pay most of the taxes at federal, state and local levels. Under section 501C (3) of the federal tax code, the non-profits are exempt. Due to this exemption status donations made by individuals are tax deductible. Nonprofit entities are not only expected to care for the destitute and poor but they are also expected to provi de a variety of services to the community (Williams & Torrens, 2008). Now that the characteristics of the non-profit have been outlined the for-profit entities make-up will be discussed. For profit entities, unlike nonprofit ones, have owners. The owners are issued stocks and these stocks reflect the owner’s equity position. â€Å"For- profit  entities, including hospitals, may be publicly or privately held† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 186). Stocks for entities for-profit that are publicly held are made available for anyone to purchase. Publicly held for-profit entities are plagued with various accountability and regulation rules that are supervised by the Securities and Exchange Commission at both federal and state level. Williams and Torrens (2008) state that privately held for-profit entities issue stock but the difference in public versus private issuing of stock is that the private for-profit stock is not available for purchase by the general public. For-profit hospitals, in the past, have been owned by the physicians who work in them but due to the astronomical costs of such expenditures as: building, maintaining and operating a hospital in today’s market the trend of physician owned for-profit hospitals is almost extinct. The majority of for-profit hospitals in the United States are part of a large multihospital chain. The multi chains of hospitals as stated by Williams & Torrens (2008) are publicly traded. For-profit hospitals do not serve only the community but they are also expected to operate at a profit so that the equity investors receive a return on their capital (Williams & Torrens, 2008). Three major trends that have occurred within the hospital sector. One of three major trends that have occurred within the hospital sector is the increase in specialty hospitals. The specialty hospitals focus on such areas as cancer and heart disease as well as profitable fields like orthopedic surgery. The specialty hospitals as stated by Williams & Torrens (2008) show an increase of being owned partially by the physicians who practice in them. Some would make the argument that the specialty hospitals provide the best care while others see these hospitals as entities that â€Å"siphon off insured and relatively healthier patients leaving the less profitable and more complicated cases to community general hospitals† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 194). Concerns raised by the physicians’ ownership of the specialty hospitals include but not limited to are that the financial incentives will affect the treatment decisions (i.e. diagnostic services) and also that the physicians will treat the less complicated but yet more profitable health care cases and leave the biggest burden of caring for the less fortunate, financially challenged and uninsured individuals to the community and public hospitals (Williams & Torrens, 2008) Another trend that has occurred within the hospital sector  is in the field of technology. â€Å"Technology has shaped the physical and operational structures of hospitals, has affected the lives of patients and families, and has provided a delivery vehicle for physicians in clinical practice† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 195). It is technological research that allows for the services hospitals provide for example anesthesia and antisepsis laid the ground work for surgical care and imaging technology has impacted effective intervention for individuals seeking care in a hospital atmosphere. Technology has affected a vast array of individuals: obstetric patients, those in need of pediatric care and terminally ill patients just to name a few. Advanced technology has led to development â€Å"increased specialization, clinical practices, expansion of specialized services, new medical and surgical specialties, and treatments for many diseases for which little curative or other care could be provided† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 195). While continued advance technology leads toward continuous improved health care it also brings along with it problems, especially for the hospitals. The hospitals are immensely gratified by the increased technology and its application to improve overall general health but along with the benefits comes complications. Hospitals are expected to provide the most up to date technology but at the most effective pricing to please their customers, patients and physicians. This presents a major challenge to hospitals (Williams & Torrens, 2008) Academic medical centers are another trend that has occurred within the hospital sector. Academic medical centers are composed of medical schools and thei r primary teaching hospitals. The â€Å"academic medical centers provide tertiary, secondary, and primary care but have a principal focus on biomedical research, teaching of medical residents and medical students, and often an array of other professional training, research, and services activities† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 196). Unlike other hospitals, the academic medical center does not have top priorities of financial efficiency and customer satisfaction. Great demands are placed on these facilities by physicians and researchers to provide the latest technology and staffing for the assurance of teaching and clinical investigation. According to Williams and Torrens (2008) the long-term strengths and successes of our health care systems depends largely on the success of the academic medical centers to achieve their mission. Three examples that describe and differentiate the roles of hospitals and nursing  homes in providing long term care. The nursing home facility is for patients who need extended care because they are very sick or unable to function without continued nursing and supportive services in a formal health care facility. These patients are sick and/or are in need of assistance but they are not ill enough that they require the intense treatment and care offered at a hospital. According to Will iams and Torrens (2008) about forty-seven percent of all nursing home facility care is paid for by Medicaid and residents and their families pay approximately one-third of the cost for the facility services. In recent years the length of time one stays at a nursing home has greatly decreased. Even with the decrease in stay there is still a fifty percent chance of an individual in his/her lifetime having to spend some time in a nursing facility. Both of these previous mentioned trends is reflective of the nursing facilities moving toward becoming more technologically sophisticated as well as being able to function as more of a short term temporary residence for patients in between the hospital and going home (Williams & Torrens, 2008). Hospitals are designed to take care of the more acute problems and emergencies. Hospitals provide a wide array of outpatient services. The outpatient services range from â€Å"rehabilitation to mental health counseling to outpatient surgery† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 205). Unlike the nursing home facility the primary source of payment for hospital stay and services is Medicare and private insurance and very little payment comes from individuals. The current state of long-term care policy in the United States. Medicare provides financing for medical care for nearly all elderly Americans and others with certain disabilities but this does not hold true for long-term care. The majority of individuals needing long term must depend on family and friends and sometimes the community they live in. There is a lot of work to be done in the United States as it relates to the financing of long term care for every needy individual (Williams & Torrens, 2008). There is no clear and precise policy in the United States for long-term care but there are different provisions within Medicare and Medicaid that provide for long-term services for some (not all) individuals in need of it. While the financing of long-term care has been and continues to be a challenge for the United States there have been strives in the care coordination of long-term patients. The care coordination that has emerged through the years for long  term care patients appears to be relatively effective. â€Å"Quality is enhanced when information is communicated among all the professionals caring for a person, and efficiencies are achieved when duplication of services is avoided† (Williams & Torrens, 2008, p. 211). Case management, which is a process that encompasses the following: case identification, assessment, care planning, service arrangement, monitoring and reassessment enables one professional individual to work with the family to coordinate and obtain all of the services that the long term care patient may need. Case management has proven to have one of the most positive effects of improving long-term care (Williams & Torrens, 2008). References Williams, S. J., & Torrens, P. R. (Eds.). (2008). Introduction to health services: 2010 custom edition (7th ed.). New York: Cengage Delmar Learning.

Martin Luther King I Have a Dream Essay

1) Rock solid, unshakeable confidence You can see from Martin Luther King’s body language that he was calm and grounded as he delivered his speech. Although you can’t see his feet as he’s speaking, I’d imagine him to be heavily planted to the ground, with a solid posture that says â€Å"Here I am. I’m not budging. Now, you come to me.† As a speaker, Martin Luther King had the solidity that is surely only found with those who have completely aligned their actions with their firm commitment. The 200,000 people at the Washington rally could not have pushed King off-track if they’d tried, so solid was he in his convictions. Self-belief from a beyond-personal source gives this sort of power – and you can see the impact. Martin luther king with this faith 2) The Voice It would always take a commanding voice to inspire thousands and Martin Luther King’s booming voice was well practiced in his capacity as a Baptist preacher. His cadence, his pacing and his preacher-like drama bring real passion to the speech. Martin Luther King used powerful, evocative language to draw emotional connection to his audience, such as: â€Å"Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.† â€Å"This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.† â€Å"We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities† Martin luther king let freedom ring 3) Rhythm & Repetition The intensity of King’s speech is built through bold statements and rhythmic repetition. Each repetition builds on the one before and is reinforced by Martin Luther King’s ever increasing passion. â€Å"We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. â€Å"Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.† â€Å"Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.† As the speech comes to a close the pace of Martin Luther King’s repetition increases, helping to build to a crescendo. 4) Ditching the Script If that wasn’t dramatic enough, Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I have a dream† speech was never meant to even include its most famous sequence and climax. Originally penned under several names, such as the catchy â€Å"normalcy speech† and â€Å"A Cancelled check†, King put aside his script ten minutes into the speech. Few would dare risk it at such a moment, but King was said to have responded to the cry of Gospel singer Mahalia Jackson â€Å"Tell ‘em about the dream, Martin!† and ad-libbed what came next. This is what gave â€Å"I have a dream† its raw power and edge – King was living the words that he spoke. 5) With, not ‘at’ his people It’s thought that King ditched the script so that he could connect more with his audience. And it worked. â€Å"I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations,† he begins. King goes on to talk to his audience and their personal situations directly, â€Å"Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.† King is with the people, fully connecting to them with his eyes and delivering a powerful rhythm in his speaking. Martin Luther King’s script writer, Clarence B Jones reflected, â€Å"It was like he had an out-of-body experience.† So often it is the speaker who is flexible and vulnerable enough to connect with their audience who has the most powerful impact.