Definition and Examples of Family Slang in English

The informal term family slang refers to words and phrases (neologisms) created, used, and generally understood only by the members of a family. Also called kitchen table lingo, family words, and domestic slang. A lot of these words, says Bill Lucas, a trustee of the English Project at Winchester University, are inspired by the sound or the look of a thing, or are driven by an emotional response to that being described. Examples [Examples of this] sort of vocabulary [i.e., family slang or kitchen table lingo] . . . include words for items for which no standard name exists, like Blenkinsop (a comical-sounding but authentic British family name) for the little tab which slides across the top of self-sealing plastic bags for refrigeration, or trunklements to describe bits and pieces, personal possessions. Words which have moved into wider circulation such as helicopter and velcroid for intrusive parents or neighbors, howler for baby, and chap-esse for female probably originated in family usage. (Tony Thorne,  Dictionary of Contemporary Slang, 4th ed.  Bloomsbury,  Ã‚  2014)Greebles and TwangerIf there was no word for a thing, Sally Wallace invented it: greebles meant little bits of lint, especially those which feet brought into bed; twanger was the word for something whose name you dont know or cant remember. (D.T. Max, The Unfinished. The New Yorker, March 9, 2009)Hotchamachacha!One of [my fathers] favori te words Ive never heard on anyone elses lips: hotchamachacha! I imagine this began life as a conjurors invocation, like abracadabra. My father uses it, though, to create a general sense of humorous mystification (Am I going to get a chemistry set for my birthday, Daddy? Hotchamachacha!), or to pour scorn on what someone (usually me) is saying (Come on--quick--seven nines! Um... eighty-two? Hotchamachacha!), or to warn you urgently against doing something dangherooz. (Michael Frayn, My Fathers Fortune: A Life. Metropolitan Books, 2010)KaboofI’m 64 years old and ever since I can remember, we’ve called the area under stairs (the crawlspace) the kaboof. (Paula Pocius, Grammar Composition blog, December 31, 2007)Missmas CardsMissmas Cards are those you send after receiving Christmas Cards from people to whom you would not have sent, and which will surely arrive at their destination after Christmas. (Tanja, Grammar Composition blog, December 31, 2007)Manniversary and Mund ungus DrawerThe Today program (Today, BBC Radio 4) asked its listeners to e-mail in their kitchen table lingo:Manniversary: John Roser and his partner use this to describe their annual anniversary.Mundungus Drawer: a drawer in Caroline Harris kitchen where everything and anything lives. Splosh, Gruds, and Frarping: Family Slang in Britain Linguists have published a new list of ‘domestic’ slang words which they say are now commonplace in British homes. Unlike some other slang, these words are used by people of all generations and are often used as a way to bond with other family members. According to the research, people are now more than likely to ask for splosh, chupley or blish when they fancy a cup of tea. And among the 57 new words identified meaning television remote control are blabber, zapper, melly and dawicki. The new words were published this week in the Dictionary of Contemporary Slang  [2014],  which examines the changing language of today’s society... Other household slang used by families include grooglums, the bits of food left in the sink after washing up, and slabby-gangaroot, the dried ketchup left around the mouth of the bottle.The personal possessions of a grandparent are now referred to as trunklements, while underpants are known as gruds.And in less well-mannered households, there is a new word for the act of scratching one’s backside--frarping. (Eleanor Harding, Fancy a Blish? The Daily Mail [UK], March 3, 2014) Homely Terms - Family slang undoubtedly does in one way or another modify and create novel forms of speech which tend to become homely terms of unconventional usage. It may even be true that the most insignificant member of the family, the baby, may have the greatest influence in the matter of introducing novel forms. (Granville Hall, The Pedagogical Seminary, 1913)- More often than not, family words can be traced back to a child or grandparent, and sometimes they get passed down from generation to generation. They seldom escape the province of one family or a small cluster of families--so are therefore seldom written down and must be gathered in conversation. (Paul Dickson, Family Words, 2007)

Pre-Emptive Force According to Michael Walzer Essay

Pre-emptive force is commonly recognised as a preventative use of force. Michael Walzer identifies that pre-emptive force is when both states defend themselves against violence that is imminent but not actual; the state can fire shots if it knows it is about to be attacked (2006: 74). â€Å" †¦there must be shown a necessity of self defence†¦ instant, overwhelming, leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation.† (Berkley, 1968). This would allow a state to respond to an attack once the targeted state had seen it coming but before it felt its impact. Pre-emption is then like a reflex â€Å"a throwing up of ones arms at the very last minute† (Walzer, 2006: 75). Putting aside the definitions of pre-emptive war, the question of whether or not†¦show more content†¦Misunderstandings arise looking at Article 51 in international law that gives the right to self- defence. It is debatable as to whether this is an explicit right, only exercisable in response to armed attack or whether it allows force in response to potential attacks. Article 2(4) of the UN charter states that the use of force by states is banned however this has not stopped over one hundred large conflicts since 1945. States generally use international law as an excuse and form of justification for their actions (Evans, 2006: 589). Article 2(4) declares â€Å"all members shall abstain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the UN.† Yet the main exception is self- defence (Evans, 2006: 598). The article does not make clear what constitutes self- defence. How is a state to distinguish self-defense from hegemonic desires? The International Court of Justice (ICJ) was confronted with questions about the meaning of ‘threat of force’, it concluded that a threat of force is illegal when the actual use of force threatened would itself be unlawful; the ICJ rejected to identify that the mere possession of nuclear weapons was an unlawful threat of force. This suggests that the mere possession of nuclear weapons, despite their extremely threatening appearance, cannot be an actual pending threat, in the case of Iran,Show MoreRelated Just War and Pacifism Essay1892 Words   |  8 Pages The question Can war be justified? plagued mankind since the first war. The Just War Theory holds that war can be just. The theory has evolved for thousands of years and modern theorists, such as Michael Walzer, author of Just and Unjust Wars, puts forth criteria for a just war, such as jus ad bellum and jus in bello. Jus ad bellum includes reasons for going to war, and jus in bello deals with the people who wage war. The criteria in jus ad bellum include; just cause, declaration by a proper

Recovery Approach and Mentalk Illness-Free-Samples-myassignment

Questions: 1.Discuss about the Recovery Approach. 2.Discuss about the Role of People in the Development of the Recovery Approach 3.Discuss about the Component of Recovery. Answers: 1.Recovery Approach The recovery approach developed after several long-term studies of people with mental illnesses indicated that there was a chance for partial or complete recovery. The realization that each patients path to recovery is unique was important in changing the approaches that were previously used and adopting the recovery approach. This was supported by the Studies that were carried out by the World Health Organization since 1970-1990 across nations (Field Reed, 2016). The studies provided strong evidence of the possibility of full recovery for patients with mental illness. The personal testimonies of recovery also led the development of this approach and the implementation of policies to enforce it. Mainly through the efforts of ex-patients movements, the recovery approach was incorporated into psychiatric care (Caplan, 2013). The Historical Factors that played a role in the development of Recovery Approach One of the movements that played a significant role in the recovery approach is the disability right movement. The movements begun in the 1960s encouraged by other movements like the womens right movement and the civil rights movement. The disability right movement focused on people with all forms of disability, which include the mental and physical disability alongside hearing and visual disability. In the case of mental disability, the movement played a vital role in the recovery approach. For instance, the movement advocated for the rights of people with mental illness by focusing on the individual ability to live an independence life through paid assistance care and to gain self determines. In addition, the movement ensured people with mental disability accessed education and employment opportunities, the organization made has made this possible through the provision of adaptive technology to enable them gain independence (Kidd, McKenzie, Virdee, 2014). Similarly, the civil rights movement begun in mid 1960s with the aim of securing equal rights and equally opportunities for all people, this includes the people with disability. The movement aimed to enable people living with disability especially those suffering from mental illness lives as active members of the community; this was realized by fighting for their rights en freeing them from neglect and abuse. The consumer movement encourage by the human rights movement began in the 20th century with the aim of addressing a limited set of issues including the rights for people with disability. The movements advocated for the rights of people with mental disability in gaining acceptance in the workforce and other activities in which they excluded in the past (Schrank, Brownell, Tylee, Slade, 2014). 2.Role of People in the Development of the Recovery Approach Apart from the influence of ex-patient groups, the emergence of other groups such as the womens rights movements, the gay movements, and other human rights movements provided an opportunity for former mental health patients to organize groups that had a common goal of fighting for the human rights of the patients (Schrank, Brownell, Tylee, Slade, 2014). Some of the right that these groups were fighting for was the rights against forceful treatment, stigma, and discrimination, this is substantial in ensuring that this group of people receive proper healthcare like the rest of the population (Kidd, McKenzie, Virdee, 2014). People with a lived experience of mental health challenges contributed greatly to the development of recovery approach. Many of these individuals voiced their grievances over the poor services that were offered in psychiatric institutions and they began a revolution that brought about the changes in the system. The personal experiences of abuse by some of the patients brought to light the unfairness of the system in the mental institutions. Ex-patients such as Judi Chamberlin wrote on the alternatives that could be used in the mental health system and this greatly influenced the adoption of the recovery approach (Hungerford Fox , 2014). The numerous information provided by the patients on the ineffectiveness of the system also played a major role in the early development of the recovery model, which led to an improved service delivery by the healthcare providers. The leaders from the several survivor groups decided to form an independent human rights coalition that focused on the problems in the mental health system (Drake Whitley , 2014). The growth and strength of these movements made the plight of patients known widely and the policy makers had no choice but to work together with them to ensure the system was favorable to the patients during their care. Their persistence and unity were essential in proving that there was a need for change. The fact that they also came up with an alternative approach to the abusive one was also very helpful, as it offered the policy makers a chance to see that it was indeed possible to change the way the patients received treatment and still achieve full recovery (Wahlbeck, 2015). Therefore, it is the interventions from the leaders from the surviving groups that influenced the change in the services provided in the mental health facilities. 3.Component of Recovery There are key components to recovery that are unique to every individual and are related to the individuals social surrounding. They include connectedness, identity, hope and optimism, empowerment and lastly meaning and purpose (Hyde, Bowles, Pawar, 2015). The first component is connectedness, which entails supportive relationships. The patient needs to have other people who believe in their ability to recover and support them. The community, the individuals family, and friends are of great importance in offering the needed support. Other people who have gone through similar experiences can also be helpful in recovery and establish self-esteem. The second component is identity, which involves regaining a sense of self which had been lost. It is usually made possible by a sense of belonging in a social set up and ensuring the patient copes with any feelings of loss or despair. Important Component in Recovery Hope is also an important component in recovery. It involves making the patient believe in them and ensuring they have the willingness to go through the setbacks they may face. It also involves building trust and being able to risk failure without giving up. The fourth component is empowerment, which involves building a secure base and network. The housing services for the patients need to be flexible and according to their wishes. Self-determination is important in reducing psychological distress and improving decision making regarding self-care (Stickley, Higgins, Meade, Doyle, Voukila-Oikkonen, 2016). Empowerment also involves social inclusion and overcoming social stigma. The final component is finding meaning and purpose. This allows the patient to engage in self-help care such as making decisions about medication and therapy. It also involves recovering a social role or professional role where the individual tries to regain a normal social life where they can work and support themselves. The recovery approach views recovery as a social aspect instead of a medical aspect. It involves restoration of normal social functioning and it can occur without professional intervention. It mainly depends on the individuals surrounding the patient and the support they give to them during recovery. It also entails recovery from the resulting consequences of the mental condition and focuses mainly on the social, physical, social and spiritual wellness of the individual (Slade, Amering, O'Hagan, Panther, 2014) References Caplan, G. (2013). an approach to community mental health. Routledge. Drake, R. E., Whitley , R. (2014). Recovery and severe mentalk illness: description and analysis. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 236-242. Field, B. I., Reed, K. (2016). The Rise and Fall of the Mental Health Recovery Model. The International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 20(2), 86-95. Hungerford, C., Fox , C. (2014). Consumer's perceptions of Recovery-oriented mental health services: An Australian case study analysis. Nursing and health sciences, 16(2), 209-215. Hyde, B., Bowles, W., Pawar, M. (2015). 'We're Still in There' - Consumer Voices on Mental Health Inpatient Care: Social Work Research Highlighting Lessons for Recovery Practice. British Journal of Social Work, 62-78. Kidd, S. A., McKenzie, K. J., Virdee, G. (2014). Mental health reform at a systems level: widening the lens on recovery-oriented care. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 59(5), 243-249. Schrank, B., Brownell, T., Tylee, A., Slade, M. (2014). "Positive Psychology: An approach to supporting recovery in mental illness.". East Asaian Archives of psychiatry, 95. Slade, M., Amering, M., O'Hagan, M., Panther, G. (2014). Uses and abuses of recovery: implementing recovery oriented practices in mental health systems. World Psychiatry, 13(1), 12-20. Stickley, T., Higgins, A., Meade, O., Doyle, L., Voukila-Oikkonen, P. (2016). From the rhetoric to the real: A critical review of how the concepts of recovery and socila inclusion may inform mental health nurse advanced level curricula- The eMenthe project. Nurse education today, 155-163. Wahlbeck, K. (2015). Public Mental health: the time is ripe for translation of evidence into practice. World psychiatry, 14(1), 36-42

Catherine and Rodolpho Essay Example

Catherine and Rodolpho Essay Another great problem about Eddie was that he was judgmental. As soon as he saw Rodolpho he didnt like him. Eddies character is of a stereotypical man- works hard for a living, cares about his family and goes to the pub with his mates for a drink. Rodolphos character was the total opposite. He was quite feminine. The things that showed his femininity was that he was Italian and had blonde hair, he sang on ships, and can mend cloths such as dresses. Eddie didnt give Rodolpho a chance to get to know him. You could say that Eddie thought that Rodolpho wasnt man enough for him or Catherine. An example of this is when Eddie is teaching Rodolpho how to box, by doing this he is teaching him a mans sport. Eddie asks Rodolpho to hit him in front of Catherine and Beatrice, Eddie knows that Rodolpho wont hit him however he asks him only to prove to Catherine that hes not a man. Rodolpho doesnt want to hit Eddie. Dont pity me you cant hurt me. Eddie says this to Rodolpho he intimidates him. This shows the differences between Eddie and Rodolpho. Eddie became jealous very easily. He was jealous of Rodolpho, and how his little girl, Catherine chose Rodolpho over him. We will write a custom essay sample on Catherine and Rodolpho specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Catherine and Rodolpho specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Catherine and Rodolpho specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another point to mention was that Eddie turned his back on his family by calling immigration and snitching on Rodolpho and Marco. In the beginning of the play Eddie tells Catherine and Beatrice not to snitch. They got stool pigeons all over this neighbourhood-it could be your best friend. Ironically that is exactly what Eddie does in the end, he betrayed his family and friends. Eddie makes two visits to Alfieri for advice. The first time he goes to see if there is any law against Catherine marrying an immigrant who aint right. I mean he aint right. Hes a blond guy Alfieri could not give Eddie any help. Alfieri says to Eddie she cant marry you can she? He says this as if Eddie has strong feelings for Catherine but not as a daughter, however Eddie denies it. Eddies second visit to Alfieri, he is desperate and tells Alfieri that Catherine and Rodolpho are getting married. Eddie is hoping for Alfieri to say phone immigration, however he says if you phone the law a river will drown you and you will have no friends. Eddie ignored Alfieris advice. This shows that Eddie was very stubborn; once he had something in his mind no one can tell him otherwise, just like how he didnt like Rodolpho but never gave him a chance. Eddies unacceptable behaviour to Rodolpho and Catherine was what eventually killed him. A good example of this was when he came home drunk to find Rodolpho and Catherine in the bedroom. He started a big argument in which he kissed Rodolpho and Catherine. He kissed Rodolpho to show Catherine that hes not a man and not right for her. He then kissed Catherine on the lips to say to Rodolpho, shes not yours shes mine, and she needs a man like me to be with. I think that Eddie succeeds in humiliating Catherine and Rodolpho, however I think that this turns Catherine even more away from Eddie and the love for Rodolpho increases. After Eddie doing what he had done and Rodolpho and Catherine were still together and still getting married, the only option left was to go behind his families back and call the immigration office. This shows that Eddie was a very stubborn, selfish, scheming, jealous man. Another example of Eddies unacceptable behaviour which lead to his death was when he pulled a knife out on Marco, in an attempt to stab him, Marco manage to reverse the knife into Eddies chest and kill him. Eddies behaviour was totally stupid and uncalled for. In Alfieris final speech he says that even though Eddie was wrong he admired him in how he fought for his family. I will love him more than all my sensible clients. I agree with Alfieri in the way that Eddie was a honest man, just protecting his family, however the manner in which he went about protecting his family was unacceptable. He betrayed his family; he never gave Rodolpho a chance and tried to kill Marco.

Merger and Acquisition Motives, Types and Strategies The WritePass Journal

Merger and Acquisition Motives, Types and Strategies Introduction: Merger and Acquisition Motives, Types and Strategies Introduction:Black Law dictionary defines mergers and acquisitions as the following:Merger:In the simplest form:Strategic consideration:Motives behind merger and acquisition: Acquisition: Types of mergers and acquisition:Sources of finance for business acquisition:Shares of company:   Debentures: Mortgages:Retained earnings:Government Assistance:Various methods to calculate cost of acquisition:Purchase method:Pooling of interest method:Analysis to estimate profitability of acquisition:Ratios analysis method:Cash flow analysis:   Why and which source of finance is better to reduce cost of acquisition:Example: Conclusion:References:Related Introduction: Now- a-days in a corporate finance world, the merger and acquisition plays prominent role. Merger and acquisition refers to corporate finance, corporate strategy and manages deals with buying, selling and combining companies to grow rapidly. They bring different small size companies together to form a larger company. Actually large size companies makes dare to buy small or other companies to create competition in market, to purchase shares at low price, to reduce cost and risk to achieve efficiency. The key principal behind the purchasing a company is to create over and above value of shareholders of the company. They may involve a single product with multiple technologies. Mergers and acquisition can be used to increase economies of scale and to reduce competition in the market and to improve share value in the market. Black Law dictionary defines mergers and acquisitions as the following: Merger: The union of two or more corporations by the transfer of property of all, to one of them, which continues in existence, the others being swallowed or merged Therein†¦ Acquisition: The act of becoming the owner of a certain property. In the simplest form: In merger, two firms comes together to run a single company by transfer of property is called merger. In merger, same size of companies merges together and establishes new company. In acquisition one company takes over the other company and the company holding majority of share becomes the owner of the company and swallows the other company. Strategic consideration: Strategic management is concerned with company’s environment, policies and goals of company but also manages operation activities. The strategic planning approach to acquisition implies economy of scale. It helps to recognize risks in management.   If the investments exploit risks opportunities and can be used for additional investments with positive net present values, the strategy succeeds. Motives behind merger and acquisition: It is cost efficiency. Company funds are properly utilized by establishing various strategies with scale of economy to keep In each and every company transportation takes place on regular basis by acquisition of corporate company we can reduce fright charges by purchasing a supply chain. By purchasing ware house we can reduce ware housing rent. Economics of scale, we need implement new technology for production according to demand and supply. Brand name  Ã‚   attracts customers to purchase a product and they need to fix price lower then competitors. Trend is changed so internet publicity about company, products they produce should be advertised on internet. Integration of operations also reduces the cost of acquisition. Cost low, high profits and automatically it increases share value of shareholders. By merging and acquiring profitable company with company which is in loss in order to offset profits by written off.   Manufactures buying out a ware housing chain in order to save on ware housing cost. It helps to reduce competitors by selling products at cheaper rate at good quality. By building strengths to improve the skills, managers need to give more dividends to the share holders and it automatically reduces the risk in management. Acquisition: Acquisition requires huge investment of capital. We actually invest capital by thinking that benefits of business concern runs for longer period of time by using the principals of accounting as going concern, consistency and accuracy. Acquisition helps to create value for company. Acquisition method helps to recognize value for intangible assets. Therefore financial statement shows relevant information with transparent Before that we need to study consolidated financial statement of purchasing company related to consideration made by assets, cash or other form of securities. Acquisition process is very complex highly influenced by internal and external factors. We need to secure assets of company by proper control. Types of mergers and acquisition: If smaller company acquires the management control of the larger company and keeps its name for the combined entity is called reverse takeover. It takes place when private company with good prospectus and eager to raise finance will acquire public listed company. Horizontal MA takes place when one company acquires other company from the same line of business. Vertical MA takes place if one business acquires other related chain of business in the organization. Conglomerate acquisition takes place if acquisition takes place between unrelated businesses. Hostile MA takes if one of the people is not interested to agree, then the purchasing company purchases from the share stock market and become the owner of that company. A company holding high shares becomes the owner. Friendly MA takes place when the same size of companies comes together with friendly nature with their willingness and accepted obligation to work. Sources of finance for business acquisition: When a company purchases other company the financial sources of current company may falls inadequate. It needs to find the source of finance to pay for acquisition of business. We can raise funds from there internal and external sources. Shares of company: By acquiring a company which listed first time in stock market, by issuing shares of this company we can raise funds. Deferred shareholders are going to get dividends after the expiry of certain period this also helps to raise funds. By issuing new shares to existing holder of shares or to the share holders of acquired company on pro-rata manner to keep not affected and it can raise finds easily. Other wise by selling shares in the share market and that money can be paid to the targeted company. Shares are of two types. They are equity shares or ordinary shares and preference share. Issuing of shares depends upon the policies of company.    Debentures: Debenture holders are known as creditors of the company and they are the first persons to receive interest whether business is running smoothly or not. There will be written acknowledgment containing provision of debt paid and capital need to repay or by selling debentures in the market and we can repay the cash to the targeted company.   The principal amount also needs to repay. We can raise finds from this source by taking high risk. Cash: Cash means liquid amount carried by company. It is a cheap source of finance with high reliability. If the company has enough money to pay for acquisition it is a best choice to reduce risk in management. Company becomes insolvent if there is no enough money to operate business. We need to maintain reserves every year so it helps us whenever we are in need. Mortgages: By keeping freehold property and other fixed assets as security company can raise funds and receive cash on loan usually repayable after specific period of time. Retained earnings: Retained earnings acts as source of funds by reinvesting profits that could have been paid to the shareholders of company. It is an attractive source of finance. It serves as self financing by giving reasonable dividend to the holders of shares. Bank lending: Lending is main function of the bank. It issues long term loans, short term loans and medium term loans and it also allows overdraft limited to the transaction with bank. Mortgage act as short term finance. Bank gives loans on turnover of business and credit worthiness of company and interest rate is adjusted with base lending movement rate. This helps to raise funds for acquisition. Government Assistance: Government grants cash and other subsidies to companies with an aim to develop economy by expanding stability in economy by establishing high standards of technology to provide employment opportunities. Government helps the company by providing various fund to takeover other company if it is going to develop economy. Various methods to calculate cost of acquisition: Calculation of acquisition is very difficult task and it is related to capital investment. We need to estimate and evaluate the costs and benefits of acquisition over a period of years; the most suitable method for this will be capital budgeting analysis. Most often we approach stock analysis because we purchase company with cash or securities for consideration. The audit report of acquired company helps acquiring company to take decisions. Acquisition of company requires huge amount of investment. So I suggest acquiring company to implement investment framework regarding various policies and procedures to be followed to reduce cost of acquisition and various tools to predict financial analysis. Therefore by keeping all this matters under consideration there are various methods to calculate cost of acquisition. Purchase method:   If the acquiring company purchases the assets of the company more than the face value. The difference is called goodwill. Goodwill appears in the financial statements on assets side. In this method we need to revaluate the net assets. We can acquire a company by making payment by cash, securities and combination of two. Pooling of interest method: In this method, we combine the balance sheets of both the companies at book value. This method doesn’t effects the company by acquiring the assets and liabilities. Therefore this method is no more exists. Analysis to estimate profitability of acquisition: Ratios analysis method: Ratio analysis plays a vital role while calculating profitability, working capital and to estimate share values of company. Mostly we use this method to calculate to know available funds. For calculation of acquisition cost price-to earnings ratio (P/E). It calculates market value per share by it s earning per share of Transferee Company. If it is most profitable then acquiring company can acquire it. Price to sales ratio helps us by dividing current price of stock with its revenue per share. Cash flow analysis:    Net present value analysis method is used to calculate present value of both companies and also jointly. It shows the present value of all future cash flows discounted at the cost of capital on present investment. Marginal value of an acquisition helps to know present value of shareholders. This will help us to calculate price and value of benefits. This are the various methods used to calculate cost of acquisition. I think cash flow analysis is best one to know whether the project is profitable or not. Different methods are used by different companies according to their operational and financing strategies. Why and which source of finance is better to reduce cost of acquisition: Mostly we acquire a business by cash, issue of shares or by debt instruments. They can be issued purely by cash, by share or by debt instruments or by combining any of them it is company choice. By issue of cash, it is cheaper source of finance with high reliability. If the company is having enough money then it can repay it fully by cash. There will be no interference in management. It helps to reduce risk of the management. The company becomes insolvent if there is no enough cash to operate. By issue of stock, we can raise money. But if we issue shares to the targeted company we need to pay dividend. They also interference in management and interrupts the smooth going work. If we issue huge shares the value of the shares comes down. By issue of debt stock, we need to pay interest with principal amount with in a period of time. I think it is not a good source to reduce cost of acquisition. According to me, I think combined issue of stock and cash will be the good source of finance. By issuing limited shares with cash we are going to own the targeted company. No interest rate. No interference in management. By keeping sum amount of cash aside for operating the business to runs smoothly and by issuing limited shares we can raise share value of company. Example: In 2005, NEWS CORP owned by Rupert Murdoch acquired MY SPACE   social networking site. NEWS CORP acquired MY SPACE for $580 million. At the time acquisition MY SPACE is fifth most visited internet. NEWS CORP acquired MY SPACE by seeing the demand for Google site in internet. It is conglomerate acquisition because they are from different industries. MY SPACE played a dominate role in social networking as well as in cybercafà ©. In 2007, NEW CORP revenue exceeded $28 million which hold news paper, magazines and television, radio and sports franchises. News Corp is one of the largest media with revenue exceeding $28 million in 2007 which holds books, news papers, magazines, and television, radio and sports franchises. MY SPACE revenue stood at $525 million in ads. In 2008, MY SPACE became a fast growing website in the world. After acquisition MY SPACE continued with its own culture and also empowered with additional resources in order to further growth. Therefore it is one of the suc cessful business combinations. BY acquiring my space, News Corp. possessed new sales and advertising channels and it is able to provide operational and financial resources. It became possible only by implementing proper corporate strategy to reduce cost of acquisition. I think they provided cash flow analysis to calculate cost of acquisition to know the net present value for future inflows on investment. Conclusion: Through this example, I conclude that proper strategic implementation helps the acquiring organization to succeed. Acquisition is capital budgeting process so firstly to acquire a company we need to check the credit worthiness of business through various sources of funds. I think sources of funds from the share holder and bank loans are best suitable to raise funds and I suggest that cash flow analysis is the best way to calculate cost of acquisition because this analysis helps us to find the net present values for investments and also internal rate of return on investment. An acquisition is said to be effective only when firm maintains financial flexibility and adaptability in management. Buying firms with assets helps to face competitiveness. They need to maintain additional finance not to forgone profitability project. References: Salter, Malcolm s., and wolf A. Weinhold. Diversification Through acquisition. New York: Free press, 1979, partII. Synergistic gains from corporate acquisition and their division between the stockholders of target and acquiring firms,† journal of financial economics, 21, 1988. Gaughan, Patrick A.  Mergers and Acquisitions. New York: Harper Collins, 1991. Carney, William J.  Mergers and Acquisitions.  New York: Foundation Press, 2000.

A Review of London Docklands Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Review of London Docklands - Essay Example LDCC developed a master plan and preferred to depend on the market led redevelopment. . Dockland was very close to the city of London which made it an attractive and preferable for establishment of the office as well as it is possible for residential development on the riverside to accommodate single high income households. The approach that applied to the development of London Dockland Area was clear and simple and it emphasized on attracting investment in that area. The LDCC was formed to develop this area. It is due to the initiative of the LDCC the filling of the old dock was stopped and it became most popular and preferable area for the people to invest. The approach that was followed by the LDCC during redesigning of the Dockland area was to improve the transportation. The development of transportation is considered as the key to the redevelopment of the London Dockland. The tenants of the new office desired more efficient transport facility that will link or connect the area w ith the city. In order to fulfil or satisfy the desire of its potential tenants it focussed more on the development of transportation facilities. The first phase towards the development of the dockland was developing the Dockland Railway links. The developers of Greenwich Peninsula also extended their help and support for redevelopment of the area. In spite of various economic and financial uncertainty and risk, these railway links or connections encourages or motivated the commercial tenants to Canary wharf.

Information Technology in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Information Technology in Healthcare - Essay Example As the paper highlights obtaining images of X-ray from Radiology Information System (RIS) a component of eHealth requires access to the site. An x-ray taken today can be shared and deliberated as soon as it is available electronically.  From this research it is clear that  to obtain x-ray image from PACS, a client of physician should have correct credentials for the search. Firstly, the client establishes network connection with PACS server. Second step involves preparing C-MOVE or C-GET request message through filling C-MOVE requisition, which should be matched with those in the server. The request is sent and a feedback is given in a list of DICOM attributes. From the feedback, the client extract images. Often takes approximately less than 10 minutes depending on the network strengths. The major errors encountered when getting images from EHR includes patient identification errors. These errors occur as a result of incorrect information is used to link an individual to an actio n. It causes a mismatch between patient and the care plan. Another error occurs during patient journey, and as a result repetition of images may occur. Lastly, the flow of patient identification mismatch occurs at the initial stage of data entry. When using PACs, the common errors is the hanging protocol display, which causes retrieving of images to take unnecessarily longer. Since the images are not organized by default, identification and processing of images may result in misalignment, which is a potential error.